Thursday 29 June 2017

incubator

Indian Instiute of Education
Vigyan Ashram, Pabal
Taluka : Shirur ,  Dist : Pune.


Shriram College of Agricultural Engineering & Technology
Mahatma phule krishi vidypith, Rahuri.




STUDENT DETAILS
Students Name   :- Metkari Akshay Shrimant
Project name       :-  Incubation process of chicken by Incubator
Project date         :- 01-06-2017 to 30-06-2017
Submitted to      :-  Vigyan Ashram , Pabal



VIGYAN     ASHRAM










Project name: Incubation process of chicken by Incubator


Introduction of incubator 

An incubator is a device simulating avian incubation by keeping eggs warm and in the correct humidity, and if needed to turn them, to hatch them. Reginald Carl A. Sanchez invented this incubator for the eggs even if there is no hen to hatch it.
The purpose of incubator
An egg incubator is a machine that creates the perfect conditions for an egg to incubate and hatch successfully. An egg incubator is designed to regulate incubation temperature and humidity at perfect levels. It recreates the role that the broody hen plays in nature.

Materials

1.motor
2.arduno nano
3.trc module
4.relay modules
5.eggs
6.some iron roads
7.water
8. thermo meter
9.jumper wires
10.egg treay


Process of incubation

Choose a location for the incubator. To help your incubator maintain a constant temperature, place it where it will receive as little temperature fluctuation as possible. Do not place it near a window where it will be exposed to direct sunlight. The sun's heat can raise the temperature high enough to kill the developing embryos.
·        Connect the unit to a dependable electrical source, and make sure the plug cannot be accidentally detached from the outlet.
·        Keep the incubator out of the reach of small children, cats and dogs.
·        In general, it's best to keep your incubator on a sturdy surface that won't be knocked or stepped on, and in a place that has relatively stable temperatures, out of the way of drafts and direct sunlight.


Adjust the conditions.
 In order to successfully hatch chicken eggs, the conditions inside the incubator must be spot on. To prepare the incubator to receive the chicken eggs, you should adjust the conditions inside the incubator to the optimum level.
·        Temperature: Chicken eggs should be incubated at a temperature between 99 and 102 degrees Fahrenheit (99.5 is often considered to be ideal). Avoid temperatures outside the 97–103 °F (36–39 °C). Range. If the temperature remains beyond either extreme for several days, hatchability may be severely reduced.
·        Humidity: The moisture level in the incubator should be about 50 to 65 percent relative humidity (60 percent is often considered the ideal). Moisture is provided by a pan of water under the egg tray. You can use a wet bulb thermometer or a hygrometer to measure humidity.

Set the eggs. Once the conditions inside the incubator have been properly set and monitored for at least 24 hours to confirm stability, it is time to set your eggs. Never set fewer than six eggs. If you try hatching only two or three eggs, and especially if they are shipped eggs, a bad hatch is likely. You may get one chick, or none.
·        Warm the fertile eggs to room temperature. Allowing the eggs to warm up will decrease the amount and duration of temperature fluctuation in the incubator after you've added the eggs.
·        Place the eggs carefully into the incubator. Make sure the eggs are lying on their sides. The larger end of each egg should be slightly higher than the pointy end. This is important as the embryos can become misaligned if the pointy end is higher and may have difficult pipping, or breaking through the shell, when it comes time to hatch.

Allow the temperature to drop after adding the eggs. The temperature will temporarily lower after you've introduced the eggs into the incubator, but it should readjust if you've calibrated the incubator correctly.
·        Don't increase the temperature to compensate for this fluctuation or you may damage or kill your embryos.


Record the date. From this you will be able to estimate the hatching date of your eggs. Chicken eggs take twenty-one days to hatch when incubated at optimal temperature. Older eggs, eggs that were allowed to cool down and eggs that were incubated at too low a temperature, may still hatch--but they will hatch late! If it is Day 21 and your eggs haven't hatched yet, give them a couple of extra days, just in case!

Turn the eggs daily. Eggs should be turned a minimum of three times per day at regular intervals--though five is even better! Some people like to lightly draw an X on one side of the egg so they can more easily keep track of which eggs have been turned. Otherwise it is easy to lose track of which have been turned, and whether they have been turned all the way over or not.[1]
·        When turning eggs manually, your hands must be washed and clean before each session to avoid transferring bacteria and oils onto the surface of the egg.
·        Keep turning the eggs until day 18, and then stop to allow the chicks to position themselves properly for hatching.


Adjust the humidity levels in the incubator. Humidity should be around 50 to 60 percent throughout incubation, except during the last 3 days when you will want to raise it to 65 percent. You may need higher or lower humidity levels depending on the type of eggs you wish to hatch. Consult your hatchery or the available literature on hatching your species of bird.[2]
·        Replenish the water in the water pan on a regular basis or the humidity levels will drop too low. Always add warm water.
·        Add a sponge to the water pan if you need to increase the humidity.
·        Measure the humidity level in the incubator using a wet bulb thermometer. Take a reading with the wet bulb thermometer and also record the temperature in the incubator at the time. Consult a chart or psychrometric chart online or in a book to find the relative humidity from the relationship between the wet bulb and dry bulb temperature readings.



Ensure the incubator has adequate ventilation.
 There should be openings on the sides and top of the incubator to allow air flow-check to make sure these are at least partially opened. You will need to increase the amount of ventilation once the chicks begin to hatch.

Candle the eggs after 7 to 10 days. Candling the eggs is when you use a light source to view how much space the embryo occupies within an egg. After 7 to 10 days, you should see development of the embryo. Candling allows you to remove eggs with embryos that are not viable.[2]
·        Find a tin can or a box that can fit over a light bulb.
·        Cut a hole in the can or box that is smaller in diameter than an egg.
·        Turn on the light bulb.
·        Take 1 of the incubated eggs and hold it over the hole. If the egg appears clear, the embryo has not developed or the egg may never have been fertile. You should see a cloudy mass if the embryo is developing. The embryo will increase in size as you near the hatch date.
·        Remove any eggs that do not show a developing embryo from the incubator.



Prepare for the hatch.
 Discontinue turning and rotating eggs 3 days prior to the estimated hatch date. Most viable eggs will hatch within a 24 hour period.
·        Place cheesecloth under the egg tray prior to hatching. The cheesecloth will help catch bits of eggshell and other matter during and after the hatch.
·        Increase the humidity level in the incubator by adding more water or a sponge.
·        Leave the incubator closed until after the chicks hatch.


Purposes

The incubator is an apparatus that is used for environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity that needs to be controlled. It is often used for growing bacterial cultures, hatching eggs artificially, or providing suitable conditions for a chemical or biological reaction. The incubator is recorded to hatch not only bird eggs, but it also is used to hatch reptile eggs. It allows the fetus inside of the egg to grow without the mother needing to be present to provide the warmth. Chicken eggs are recorded to hatch after about 21 days, but other species of birds can either take a longer or shorter amount of time. An incubator is supposed to be able to set the perfect environment and condition for an egg to incubate because it regulates the factors such as temperature, humidity, and turning the eggs when necessary. This is so that the egg incubated properly because it plays the role of the hen in its natural state. The incubator also allows the egg to incubate while eliminating the external threats that could possibly harm the eggs.[2] The modern hatchery manager’s goal is to produce large numbers of uniform, robust day-old chicks. Robustness is a health criterion, originating in the embryonic life stage of the chicken – and correlating directly with the performance and resistance of individual chicks under differing farm conditions.[1] It is possible to incubate different species of birds at the same time within the same incubator.It was also used to raise birds.

The main problem from hatching chicken eggs

Inappropriate Temperature

According to the University of Minnesota, if you want to hatching chicken eggs, the temperature in the incubator should be set between 99 and 102 degrees Fahrenheit. If it is too high or too low, it can result in no development of the embryo, embryos died, chicks that hatch the chicks too early or paralyzed. Temperatures too high for a short period of time can lead to results of the chicks die in their shells.

Humidity inappropriate

For hatching chicken eggs, the level of humidity inside the incubator must be between 50 to 55 percent relative humidity, increase up to 65 percent in the last three days of incubation, according to the University of Minnesota. Inappropriate moisture can cause the chicken paste inside its shell, resulting in suffocation. Inappropriate humidity can also cause chicks die in the shells. We must make sure the right humidity in the incubator, or the embryos will die. A lack of growth of vein in the embryo is a sign that the egg has not been developed sufficiently.

Forecast cost

No.
Name of thing 
Quantity

Forecast cost
1
motor
 1 only
1100


2
arduino
1 bord only
360
3
Jumper wires
1 sensor
150
4
Arduino cable
2 cables
120
5
2 Chanel relay module
2 bords
150
6
 Some iron roads
-----------
100
7
Total cost

1980










Credential letter

No.
Name of thing 
Quantity

Forecast cost
1
motor
 1 only
1100


2
arduino
1 bord only
360
3
Jumper wires
1 sensor
150
4
Arduino cable
2 cables
120
5
2 Chanel relay module
2 bords
150
6
 Some iron roads
-----------
100
7
Total cost

1980

Naw make a  Automatic Egg Turner


First thing you have to know about me is I am NOT going to spend any big money on anything.  I can always make it myself, with a little help from my friend also sir.  We are remodeling so I just so happened to have cabinets laying around taking up room.  I also just happened to get addicted to chickens about the same time.  So now that i have my bigger chickens settled into th
eir new coops/pens I just had to start a new project.  So first things first the cabinet.  It is a 30" base cabinet that had sliding trays we are using for the egg turner trays. 

AUTOMATION OF EGG INCUBATOR
Aim : Rotation of egg tray with specified time in egg incubator.
 Rotation of egg tray:
Rotation of egg tray by 12V Dc geared motor used in egg incubator. motor connected to disc which trasmits power towards strip of frame & rotation of egg tray happens. rotation of egg tray done on both side.

First i can sew block diagram
RTC module -Arduino - Relay module - Out put
Bill of materials :
Sir no
             Material
        Price
   1
        Rtc module
       200
   2
        Dc motor
       1250



This motor is a 10 RPM 12V DC motor for the IncuKit DC. Use this motor to make your own egg turner. The IncuKit DC allows you to set an interval so the motor will turn on for a few seconds every few hours (Customize to your own turning needs).

RTC module
This a link How it's work


http://tronixstuff.com/2014/12/01/tutorial-using-ds1307-and-ds3231-real-time-clock-modules-with-arduino/


We keep getting requests on how to use DS1307 and DS3231 real-time clock modules with Arduino from various sources – so this is the first of a two part tutorial on how to use them. For this Arduino tutorial we have  two real-time clock modules to use, one based on the Maxim DS1307:


Arduino nano

The Arduino Nano USB Microcontroller v3 (No Headers) is a breadboard ready version of the Arduino Mini 05 Microcontroller Module with integrated USB. The Nano has everything that the Arduino Duemilanove USB Microcontroller Module has (electronically) with more analog input pins and an onboard +5V AREF jumper. The Nano automatically senses and switches to the higher power supply, so there is no need for a power select jumper.

The nano's pin layout works well with the Mini or the Basic Stamp (TX, RX, ATN, GND on one top, power and ground on the other). The Arduino Nano USB Microcontroller v3 (No Headers) can be powered via the mini-B USB connection, 6-20V unregulated external power supply (pin 30), or 5V regulated external power supply (pin 27). The power source is automatically selected to the highest voltage source. The package contains only the microcontroller.

Features:

 Automatic reset during program download
 Power OK blue LED on the bottom
 Green (TX), red (RX) and orange (L) LED
 +5V to AREF jumper
 Auto sensing/switching power input
 Small mini-B USB for programming and serial monitor (cable not included)
 ICSP header for direct program download
 Power OK blue LED on the bottom
 Standard 0.1" spacing DIP (breadboard friendly)
 Manual reset switch .

ARDUINO TINY RTC I2C REAL TIME CLOCK

This Arduino Tiny RTC I2C module incorporates the DS1307 I2C real time clock IC and the 24C32 32K I2C EEPROM storage. What's more, it has a DS18B20 temperature sensor on board. All of this in a tiny package of 25mm x 28mm x 8.4mm. It comes with a LIR2303 rechargeable lithium battery, and a charging circuit is included in the module. When the temperature sensor is off, the RTC module can run for 1 year on a single charge.
This module is used for applications such as datalogging, timing applications ex. turning on the sprinkers at 4pm in the evenings. Since the module is self powered the time data is maintained even if the Arduino is powered off, allowing for building low power systems which can run for a long span of time without change of batteries.


The most useful pins are duplicated from P1 to P2. If needed, the pin "BAT" can be fed into an ADC pin for monitoring the battery voltage. The pin-outs are explained below. Connecting "VCC" to 5 V will trickle charge the onboard battery. 


ARDUINO TINY RTC I2C REAL TIME CLOCK PINOUT

PIN
Description
Comment
BAT
Battery voltage
To monitor the battery voltage, or not connected
GND
Ground
Ground
VCC
5V supply
Power the module and charge the battery
SDA
I2C data
I2C data for the RTC
SCL
I2C clock
I2C clock for the RTC
DS
DS18B20 Temp. Sensor output
One wire inteface
SQ
Square wave output
Normally not used
The I2C wires "SDA" and "SCL" are the data line and clock line, they should be connected to the corresponding pins depending on the Arduino board.



Board
I2C / TWI pins
Uno, Ethernet
A4 (SDA), A5 (SCL)
Mega2560
20 (SDA), 21 (SCL)
Leonardo
2 (SDA), 3 (SCL)














20 (SDA), 21 (SCL), SDA1, SCL1

For more detail, please visit the Arduino Wire Library.




Now it's time to connect relay module


SO first difine a pins of relay 

1.VCC 

2.GND
3.COM
4.signal
4.Normally open
5.normally close

Now connect a relay VCC to  Arduino 5v.

Gnd to arduino GND.
Your motor pin connect a relay normally open.
And connect a arduino difine a any digital pin to relay signal pins.
And also connec a adapter nutral to relay com pin.
Also Aadptar anoither wire & motor another wire to jointed.

Now connect a RTC to Arduino


WE can use a only VCC,GND,SDA,SCA pins only.

Now connecta rtc VCc to arduino Vcc 
And connecta rtc GND to arduino 
Also connecta rtc sda pin to arduino A5 pin.
Also connect a rtc scl pin to arduino pin A4  .



Test readings of incubator readings

Result after 8 days :-

                              Embryo growth is properly developed.

Referance:-akshaysmetkari.blogspot.in